What types of environmental zones are there in France?

The French government distinguishes between 4 different types of environmental zones:

• Low Emission Zone, known in French as a zone à faibles émissions, ZFE
• Temporary Environmental Zone, in French a zone de protection de l’air départementale, ZPA
• Departmental Temporary Environmental Zone, zone de protection de l’air départementale, ZPAD
• Permanent Environmental Zone, in French a Zone à Circulation Restreinte, ZCR

The low emission zone (ZFE) is the most common type of zone. Local authorities in France have the discretion to set the conditions for these low emission zones. This includes the size of the zone, which categories of vehicles are restricted based on environmental stickers, the duration of the measures, potential expansions, and any exceptions.

The temporary environmental zone (ZPA) requires an environmental sticker only during periods of prolonged air pollution. The specific area affected is predetermined and cannot be altered.

For the departmental temporary environmental zone (ZPAD), the extent is not fixed and depends on local air quality. In cases of persistent air quality issues, departments can take immediate action, such as establishing an environmental zone or reducing speed limits. It’s advisable to monitor the air quality of the ZPAD, which can be found on the Atmo France website. This site provides air quality data for yesterday, today, tomorrow, and the day after. The greener the color, the better the air quality. Measures taken are always displayed on the matrix boards along and/or above the (motor)ways. Additionally, information can be found at www.NAAMDEPARTEMENT.gouv.fr.

A permanent environmental zone (Zone à Circulation Restreinte, ZCR) is in effect year-round but may be limited to certain hours, such as weekdays from 8 AM to 8 PM. Outside of these hours, there is no environmental zone, and vehicles without a sticker are allowed access, unless a temporary environmental zone is in place. Paris previously had a permanent environmental zone (ZCR), but this was replaced by a low emission zone (ZFE) on July 1, 2019. Currently, Grenoble has a permanent environmental zone from Monday to Friday, 6 AM to 7 PM. The Arve Valley also has a permanent environmental zone for trucks over 7.5 tons.

For more information, visit the page on Environmental Zones in France.